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Tutorial #1: Global Web Sites: Internationalization and Localization Issues

Keywords:

International challenges, Globalization, User-centered design

Abstract:

We need to have a global perspective when creating applications targeted for global customers. In this tutorial, we cover strategies that are useful when designing for users worldwide. We detail internationalization and localization design considerations, cross-cultural differences, and management of global web sites. We incorporate best practices for creating multi-lingual, multi-cultural Web sites.

Targeted Audience:

All levels

Length of Tutorial:

Full Day

System, Product, or Project Focus:

Web Emerging interfaces
Designing for global markets
No specific system, product, or project orientation

Topic Category

Enhancing general usability skills

Learning objectives:

The participants will learn the issues related to internationalization and localization when designing Web sites, cross-cultural design practices, guidelines and methodologies that exist for design, development and maintenance of Web sites, and the future trends in internationalization and localization.

How tutorial will be conducted:

The tutorial will include classroom style teaching and hands-on design experience. The classroom style teaching will include the basic principles surrounding:
  • Design issues in the internationalization and localization of Web sites,
  • Cross-cultural design practices,
  • Case studies,
  • Global formatting and coding, and
  • Future trends in this area.
The hands-on design experience will include design exercises. The participants will actively participate in designing web sites for the global markets starting from user and market requirements analysis to paper prototyping.

Detailed Description Of Material Covered By Tutorial & A Schedule Of Events With Time Allocation

1. Introduction: Global Internet (15 minutes)

This section will cover the recent statistics on the Internet and multilingual web sites. It will show the importance of going global. It will show the pros and cons associated with creating multilingual web sites with specific cultural contents.
  • Current statistics on Internet around the world
  • Trends in global web sites
  • Why globalize products?
  • Cost and benefits associated with designing global Web sites
  • What it means to globalize Web sites

2. Cultural Considerations in Design (45 minutes)

This section will cover the cultural considerations in depth. Hofstede's cultural dimensions that describe certain cultural behaviors will be described. These dimensions include femininity vs. masculinity, power distance scale, uncertainty levels, and level of orientation. Examples provided will illustrate how these cultural dimensions apply to designing web sites.
  • Cultural challenges
  • Hofstede's cultural dimensions
  • Do's and Don'ts in cross cultural design

3. Colors, Graphics and Layout (30 minutes)

This section will cover the color, graphics, and layout guidelines for designing web sites; it will describe culturally safe colors and graphics, and culture-specific ones. It will also show examples of web sites that deviate from the conventional cultural dimensions since the cultural boundaries are changing as the world changes.
  • Meaning of colors and graphics in different cultures
  • User interface design guidelines for layout, graphics, colors, and content.

Break (15 minutes)

5. Presentation Formatting Practices (30 minutes)

This section will cover the presentation formatting requirements in depth. These formatting requirements include date, time, address, telephone, naming conventions, titles (e.g., use of Mr., Mrs., Dr.), measurements, currency, numeric representation, sorting delimiters, etc. It will cover international standards and give regional examples. It will also cover the translation issues that affect the content layout due to text expansion problems. It will describe how to overcome the expansion problem when designing pages with different styles.
  • Formatting practices (date, time, address, telephone, names, measurements, currency, etc.)
  • International and national standards
  • Translation issues
  • Examples

Exercise 1 (see item 12) (45 minutes)

LUNCH (60 minutes)

6. Languages and Multilingual Applications (30 minutes)

This section will summarize the issues related to multilingual support. It is important to understand as a designer that different character sets may require changes in font size and the content layout area.
  • Unicode
  • Code sets/character sets
  • Multi-byte enabling
  • CJK (Chinese, Japanese, Korean) issues
  • Fonts
  • Setting your browser

7. Global Content Writing Practices (15 minutes)

This section will describe the components of documentation including page layout, page size, paragraphs, sentence structures, idioms, slang, acronyms, puns, etc. It emphasizes how to write content in global English (non-American) that helps translators correctly translate the content into target languages.
  • Global documentation toolkit
  • Translation memory
  • Writing for globalization (rules on paragraphs, sentences, writing directions, sentence structures, idioms, slang, acronyms, puns, etc.)

8. Usability Testing (15 minutes)

This section will cover the components of global usability testing and describes how it differs from the Usability Testing practices in the U.S.
  • Global usability testing considerations
  • Guidelines on performing usability testing within different cultures

9. Internationalization/Localization Process and Management (15 minutes)

This section will briefly cover the internationalization and localization design steps and how to implement the globalization process within an organization. It will also provide guidelines on how to select the right localization partner including translators.
  • Internationalization and localization design steps
  • Internationalization and localization management
  • Central support
  • Selecting the right localization partner
  • Quality Assurance

Break (15 minutes)

10. Standards and Cyberspace Laws in Design (15 minutes) This section will give a brief overview on how the Internet is changing the practices of law since there are no national boundaries within the Internet. It will cover the legal issues that are important for the web designer such as terms of use, disclaimers, links to other sites, etc.
  • Laws and the Internet
  • International and National Standards

11. Case Studies (30 minutes)

We will cover the design and business practices of companies like IBM, Microsoft, Intel, Xerox, Yahoo!, British Airways, and more. We will look at the examples of good and bad global web sites. Exercise 2 (see item 12)

12. Group Exercises (90 minutes - 2 sessions 45 minutes each)

The class will be divided into groups of 3-4 people each. There will be two group exercises:

Exercise 1:

This exercise will include evaluation of various web sites from the perspective of internationalization and localization. The instructor will distribute color printouts of web pages and ask the groups evaluate them given what they have learned in the class. This exercise will allow participants a chance to review web sites and determine cultural impacts on the design and interpretation. It will be given at the end of the morning session.

Exercise 2:

This exercise will include designing a HOME PAGE of a global web site for an XYZ company. It will include discussing market and user requirements analysis, choosing the company brand, and making it a global company with a web site targeted for global customers.

Description Of Materials (Handouts)

  • The presentation materials
  • Description of two exercises

Maximum number of participants

30

BACKGROUND OF PRESENTERS

Nuray Aykin
Manager
User Interface Design Center
Siemens Corporate Center
Voice: 609 734-3663
Fax: 609 734 6565
Email: Nuray.aykin@scr.siemens.com

Nuray Aykin is the manager of the User Interface Design Center, Siemens Corporate Research, Inc., located in Princeton, NJ. Prior to her work at Siemens, she was the Director of Internationalization at Human Factors International, Inc. She provides user experience and internationalization/localization expertise to clients around the world. Prior to joining Human Factors International, she was a district manager of the Internationalization District at AT&T Labs working on AT&T's global products and services. She spent ten years in AT&T, designing products and services for AT&T business units. She has a BS degree in Industrial Engineering, MS in Operations Research, and Ph.D. in Human Factors Engineering.

Nuray brings a global perspective to all phases of research, design, development, and user/customer evaluation. Her work includes designing user interfaces for the global market and providing consulting on software internationalization, global customer needs assessment, locale-specific guidelines, and giving internationalization seminars and tutorials at national and international conferences. She has numerous publications in her field.